Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD)
Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) is a behavioral problem characterized by chronic inattentiveness, hyperactivity and impulsivity. It’s estimated that as many as 2.4 million US kids may have it – some of whom may not have been diagnosed yet.
ADHD tends to affect more boys than girls and children with the condition may exhibit some or all of the following symptoms:
- Failure to pay close attention to detail.
- Careless mistakes in work or at play.
- Failure to finish tasks or sustain interest in activities.
- Inability to listen to and follow instructions.
- Disorganized approach to tasks and activities.
- Inability to sustain mental effort.
- Easily distracted and forgetful.
- Excessively noisy or active.
- Excessive talking and interrupting with no appropriate restraint in social situations.
- Inability to engage in quiet activities.
What causes it?
The root causes of ADHD are not yet fully understood, but it’s believed that both biological and environmental factors can play a part. Studies have shown that there is possibly a genetic link to the disorder, but some behavioral experts feel that brain injuries and developmental problems in the uterus may also be factors. Family problems and other educational difficulties may also contribute; and food intolerances have also been linked to the condition.
How is it diagnosed??
Consult your pediatrician if you suspect your child is exhibiting symptoms of ADHD – she’ll be able to refer to you to a behavioral specialist for a diagnosis. Your child will have to exhibit at least six symptoms of ADHD for at least six months before he turns 7, to an extent that’s disruptive and inappropriate for his developmental level.
What treatment is available?
• Behavior management Certain behavior management techniques can work wonders with children who have been diagnosed with ADHD. A consistent routine, careful planning, a system of sanctions and rewards and special communication methods have all proved successful, and will be discussed with you in depth by your child’s doctor in the event of a diagnosis.
• Medication such as Ritalin, is also available for children with ADHD and it works by increasing the activity of certain chemicals in the part of the brain that controls behavior. This helps to reduce hyperactivity and impulsiveness, which allows the affected child to focus their attention in a more sustained manner, and also helps to reduce aggression.
• Diet In cases where food intolerances are suspected to be root causes, removing these elements of your child’s diet can help significantly to reduce behavioral problems. In this case, your child’s diet will need to be carefully supervised and monitored by dietitian, with certain foods removed and gradually re-introduced in order to establish which particular foods are causing the problem.
What’s the long-term prognosis?
It’s estimated that around half of children who suffer ADHD outgrow the condition by adulthood, although many can continue to experience problems for much of their lives. Nevertheless, an early diagnosis and the right kind of support can help to preempt many of the related psychiatric problems which can occur later on, and enable ADHD sufferers to lead a normal life.
Want to meet other parents with children suffering from ADHD? Why not start up a group to meet and discuss further issues.?
The information on this feature is intended for educational purposes only. If you have any concerns about your health, the health of your child or the health of someone you know, please consult with a doctor or other healthcare professional.