Clomid: what you need to know
What is Clomid?
Clomiphene citrate, or Clomid, is a fertility drug used to induce ovulation by stimulating certain hormones. Clomid affects the body so that it believes its level of oestrogen is too low, therefore the body increases the amount of gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH), which then increases levels of luteinizing hormone (LH) and follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH). These hormones prompt the ovaries to mature more follicles, bringing about ovulation and increasing fertility.
How is it taken?
Clomid is taken orally for five days during a woman’s cycle, usually days 3-7 or days 5-9. (Day one is generally the first day of menstrual bleeding.) Dosage typically starts at 50 mg; however, dosage can increase to a maximum of 200 mg per day if there is no increase in ovulation during the first two cycles.
How effective is Clomid?
Clomid can be taken for a maximum of six cycles (as otherwise there is a chance it may increase the risk of ovarian cancer), but 70% to 90% of women begin to ovulate and 40% of couples become pregnant within the first three cycles.Why might I be prescribed Clomid?
Clomid is used by women facing infertility due to anovulation - this is when ovulation does not occur - polycystic ovarian syndrome, and irregular menstruation; it can also be used for in-vitro fertilisation procedures. Women should make sure they are not pregnant before taking Clomid. They should also be checked for ovarian cysts and be prepared for multiple pregnancies, as well as ectopic pregnancies.
Are there any side-effects?
Fertility drugs such as Clomid can have the following side effects. If you experience any of these, you should consult your GP immediately:- mood swings
- nausea and vomiting
- dizziness
- breast tenderness
- headaches
- fatigue
- bloating and abdominal discomfort
- hot flushes
- weight gain
- skin reactions (rash and itch)
- abnormal menstrual bleeding
- insomnia
- endometriosis
- stroke
- depressions
- seizures
- psychosis
- visual disturbances
- Clomid can also increase or decrease the amount of cervical mucus, which can make conception difficult. The main risk associated with Clomid is Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome (OHSS), where cysts form on the ovaries causing them to swell. OHSS can occur with any ovulation stimulating drug and can be dangerous if unmonitored. OHSS can lead to kidney or liver problems, fluid collection in the lungs and stomach, and twisting of the ovaries.
Remember that you can talk about this, or any fertility-related topic, in the Trying for a baby or Fertility areas of the chat forum.
The information in this feature is intended for educational purposes only. If you have any concerns about your health, the health of your child or the health of someone you know, please consult with a doctor or other healthcare professional.
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